1-Walk: short, frequent outings. Walk short distances every day and gradually increase them. Walking is essential to your recovery as it strengthens muscles and prevents muscle atrophy.
2-Do not lift anything heavier than 4 kilograms during the first two weeks after surgery. In general, avoid lifting anything that may feel too “heavy” or cause your back to bend. Avoid pulling, twisting, or flexing your back during the first 4 weeks. Avoid high-impact exercises. You may use a stationary bike. Activity will gradually increase from weeks 4–6 onward.
3-Do not sit for more than 30 to 45 minutes at a time. Do not stay in bed all day.
4-Do not drive while taking opioid-containing pain medications (e.g., tramadol, codeine).
5-Use chairs with armrests. The armrests will help you stand up and sit down.
6-Return to work: this will be discussed after surgery on an individual basis.
7-In general, most patients undergoing a one-level lumbar discectomy with a desk job can return to work about 2–3 weeks after surgery. However, you may be able to resume work sooner if you feel physically and mentally fit and do not require narcotic medications at work.
8-Do not wet the wound until 8 days have passed after the procedure (for a first-time surgery) or 16 days if it is a reoperation. Moisture can increase the risk of the wound opening.
9-Exposing the wound to sunlight can lead to hypertrophic scarring: after the first 15 days following surgery, if the wound will be uncovered, apply sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) to the area for at least 9–12 months.
Sources:
Dr. Vicenç Gilete, Neurosurgeon & Spine Surgeon.
